In simple words, Artificial intelligence is a field of science that is trying to mimic humans or other animals behavior. Wiki

Vision Intelligence / Computer vision

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The Vision intelligence or Computer vision is an interdisciplinary field that deals with how computers can be made to gain high-level understanding from digital images or videos.Wiki

Major tasks / Challenges

• Image Recognition
• Motion Analysis
• Scene reconstruction
• Image restoration

Voice Inteligence / Natural Language Processing

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Natural language processing (NLP) is an area of computer science and artificial intelligence concerned with the interactions between computers and human (natural) languages, in particular how to program computers to process and analyze large amounts of natural language data.Wiki

Major tasks / Challenges

• Automatic speech recognition(ASR)
• Natural language understanding(NLU)
• Natural language generation (NLG)
• Text-to-speech(TTS)

Robotics

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In simple words, Robotics is a interdisciplinary field of science that is trying to develop machines that can be substitute for humans and replicate human actions.Wiki

Major tasks / Challenges

• Better Power Source
• Robotic sensing
• Human–robot interaction
• Robot locomotion

History Behind Artificial Intelligence

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Please reffer computer history for detailed timeline.

Key Tools / Technology Behind Artificial Intelligence

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• Computational statistics
• Machine Learning
• Data mining / Data Science
• Deep Learning

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I am very happy to share my collective knowledge. This is my understanding of Artificial Intelligence, please feel free to reach out to me if you have any input/suggestions/different opinion.

Thank you for reading!!.